Stabilizer system of metal hydroxyalkyl phosphonic acid, uv absorber and benzoate

ABSTRACT

Compositions containing an organic material normally subject to oxidative deterioration and a hindered phenol metal phosphonate, such as nickel bis((O-n-butyl-3,5-di-t-butyl-4hydroxybenzyl)phosphonate), an ultraviolet light absorber such as a benzophenone or a benzotriazole and a light stabilizer such as a p-hydroxybenzoate. Such compositions are stabilized against oxidative, thermal and light deterioration.

United States Patent Dibattista et al.

[ 1 Aug. 26, 1975 STABILIZER SYSTEM OF METAL HYDROXYALKYL PHOSPHONIC ACID, UV ABSORBER AND BENZOATE Inventors: Anthony Dominic Dibattista,

Eastchester; John Denon Spivack, Spring Valley, both of NY.

Assignee: Ciba-Geigy Corporation, Ardsley,

Filed: May 31, 1973 Appl. No.: 365,802

Related U.S. Application Data Continuation of Ser, No. 210,610, Dec. 2l, l97l, abandoned U.S...Cl.260/45.8 N; 260/4575 N; 260/4585 B; 260/4595 F; 252/406 Int. Cl. C08f 45/62 References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3/l949 Moll et al. H 260/4585 2,972,597 3/l96l Newland et al.... 260/4585 2,976,259 3/l961 Hardy 260/4595 3,206,431 9/l965 Doyle et al. 260/4585 3,2l8,294 ll/l965 Rodgers et al..... 260/4575 3,3l0,573 3/l967 Spivack 260/3463 3,502,6l3 3/l970 Berger 260/458 Primary ExaminerV. P. Hoke Attorney, Agent, or FirmNestor W. Shust [57] ABSTRACT 9 Claims, No Drawings STABILIZER SYSTEM OF METAL HYDROXYALKYL PHOSPHONIC ACID, UV ABSORBER AND BENZOATE This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 2l().6l0. filed on Dec. 2|. l97l. now abandoned.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION This invention related to the stabilization of organic materials normally subject to deterioration by exposure to heat and light by incorporating therein a combination of additives comprising a metal derivative of phenol substituted alkylhydroxyphenylalkylphosphonic acids and phosphonic acid half-esters. an ultraviolet light absorber and an ultraviolet light stabilizer.

The stabilization system of the present invention is useful for stabilizing of organic materials normally subject to oxidative or thermal deterioration. Materials which are thus stabilized include synthetic organic polymeric substances such as vinyl resins formed from the polymerization of vinyl halides or from the copolymerization of vinyl halides with unsaturated polymerizable compounds, e.g., vinyl esters. a.B-unsaturated aldehydes and unsaturated hydrocarbons such as butadienes and styrene; poly-a-olefins such as polyethylene. polypropylene. polybutylene. polyisoprene and the like. including copolymers of poly-a-olefins; polyurethanes such as are prepared from polyols and organic polyisocyanates; polyamides such as polyhexamethylene adipamide and polyeaprolactam; polyesters such as polymethylene or polyethylene terephthalates; polycarbonates; polyacetals; polystyrene; polyethyleneoxide; and eopolymers such as those of high impact polystyrene containing compolymers of butadiene and styrene and those formed by the copolymerization of acrylonitrile, butadiene and/or styrene. Other materials stabilized according to the present invention include lubricating oil of the aliphatic ester type. e.g.. di( 2-ethylhexyl)-azelate. pent-aerythritol tetraeaproate and the like; animal and vegetable derived oils. e.g.. linseed oil. fat. tallow. lard. peanut oil. cod liver oil. castor oil, palm oil. corn oil. cotton seed oil. and the like; hydrocarbon material such as gasoline. mineral oil. fuel oil. drying oil, cutting fluids. waxes. resins. and the like. fatty acids, soaps and the like.

The metal derivatives of alkylhydroxyphenylalkylphosphonic acid and phosphonic acid half-esters of this invention may be represented by the formula:

wherein G is an anion having an available valence of from I to 3; and

J is of the formula:

wherein has a value of from U to 6. v has a value of from l to 4.

n has a value of from 0 to l,

m has a value of from I to 3.

.\' has a value of from I to 2. and

has a value of from 0 to 3.

The anion G may be organic or inorganic. Illustrative of such organic anions are carboxylate. such as those derived from carboxylic acids containing from I to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 18 carbon atoms, e.g., acetate, laurate. stearate. benzoate, malonate, maleate. succinate, and the like; phenates and alkyl substituted phenates; alkyland aryl-sulfates and -sulfonates; alkyland arylphosphates and -phosphonates; and inorganic anions such as chloride, bromide. fluoride, nitrate, cyanide, eyanate. sulfate. and the like.

As the embodiments of this invention, mention is made of compounds of the formulae:

wherein z, y. n. m and .t have the values defined above;

(lower )alkyl (T) Ni u tor O(alk \l],,

llowcnalkyl wherein y. n. m and .t' have the values defined above; and most preferably wherein n. m and .t have the values defined above.

By the term alkyl" when used in this specification and the appended claims, is intended a branched or straight-chained saturated hydrocarbon group having from l to about 30 carbon atoms. When qualified by the term lower)". the hydrocarbon chain will contain from l to about 6 carbon atoms. Typical of such alkyl groups are thus methyl. ethyl. propyl. isopropyl. butyl. t-butyl. pentyl. isopentyl. hexyl, octyl. t-oetyl. decyl. tetradecyl. hcxadecyl. octadeeyl, eieosyl. docosyl. triacontyl and the like.

The phenyl group of phosphonate moiety is substituted by a hydroxy group and one (z=0) or two (:,=l

to 6) (lower) alkyl groups. These substituents may be located on the phenyl group in a number of ways. From the standpoint of maximizing the antioxidant properties, it is generally desirable to utilize a 3.S-dialkyl-4 hydroxyphenyl arrangement. e.g.. 3.5-di-t-butyl-4- 5 hydroxybenzylphosphonate. However. other arrangements such as 2-hydroxy-5-(lower)alkylphenyl are also within the scope of the present invention.

The following formulae. in which R represents the group: It)

(lower-)alkyl (c H is 2 are typical structures of the compounds of this Invention without being a limitation thereof:

The nickel phosphonates are prepared by treating a phosphonic acid or half-ester of the formula (lou'erlalkyl I ()2 Ho 40 3-methyl-4-hydroxy-S-t- (ill nickel bis(U-tetracosyl-3.5-diethyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate nickel bis(U-triacontyl-3-methyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate) nickel bis(U-eicosyl-3-hexyl-6-methyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonatc) nickel his(U-methy1-3.5dihexyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate nickel his(O-octyl-3.o-di-isopropyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate) nickel bis( O-dodecyl-S-butyl-S-isopropyl-4- hydroxybenzylphosphonate) nickel bis( (l-deeyl-S-tbutyl 4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate) Ultraviolet light absorbers that are employed in this invention are (a) benzophenones and (b) benzotriazoles.

a. The benzophenones have the general formula wherein R' is hydrogen. hydroxy group. halogen. lower alkyl group or alkoxy group having from 1 to IE carbon atoms. and

R is hydrogen. hydroxy or alkyl from I to II! carbon atoms.

in a preferred embodiment R is hydrogen and R is a straight chain alkyl group having from 8 to l2 carbon atoms. Illustrative examples of the above described benzophenones are listed below.

Z-HydroXy-4-methoxybenzophenone 2.2'-Dihydroxy-4-methoxyhenzophenone 2-H ydroxy-4-methoXy-2 '-carhoxyben'/.ophenonc 2.2 Dihydroxy-4-n-octoxybenzophenone 2-Hydroxy-4-n-octoxyhenzophenone 5-(hloro-2-hydroxybenzophenone 2.4-Dihydroxybenzophenone 4-Dodecyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone 2-Hydroxy-4-dccyloxylbenzophenonc 2.2'Dihydroxy-4.4'-dimethoxyhenzophenone 2.2',4.4'-'letrahydroxybenzophenone b. The Benzotriazoles have the general formula wherein R is hydrogen. halogen or lower alkyl R is hydrogen. chloride. lower alkyl. cycloalkyl or phenyl lower alkyl R is alkyl from 1 to l2 carbon atoms. cycloalkyl or phenyl lower alkyl such that the sum of the atomic weights of the atoms contained in groups R. R' and R is at least 107.

In a more preferred embodiment. R is hydrogen. chloride or methyl group; R is hydrogen. chloride. t butyl. t-amyl. cyelohexyl. henzyl or a-phenylethyl group; and R is alkyl from l to 12 carbon atoms. cyclohexyl. benzyl or a-phenylethyl group. Illustrative examples of benzotriazoles employed in this invention are listed below.

2( 2 '-hydroxy-5 '-methylphenyl )-ben7.otriazole 2-( 2'-h vdroxy-5 '-methylphenyl)benzotria1ole-5- carboxylic acid butyl ester 2-( 2'-hydroxy-5 -tert.butylphenyl )-5- chlorobenzotriazole 2-( 2'-hyd roxy-S amylphenyl )-benzotriazole 2-( 2-hydroxy-5 '-tert.butylphenyl benzotriazole 2-( 2hydr0xy3',5 '-dimethyl-phenyl )-benzotriazole 2-( 2'-hydroxy-3',5-dimethyl-phenyl )-5-methoxybenzotriazole 2-( 2-hydroxy3',5'-dimethyl-phenyl )-5-methylbenzotriazole 2-( 2-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)-benzotriazole 2-( 2'-hydroxy-5'-tert.butyl-phenyl-5- chlorobenzotriazole 2-( 2-hydroxy 5'-amylphenyl )benzotriazole 2-( 2-hydroxy-5'-tert.hutylphenyl )benzotriazole 2-( 2'-hydroxy-5'-methoxy-phenyl)-benzotriazole 2-( 2'-hydroxy-5 '-methyI-phenyl )-5,6-

dichlorobenzotriazole 2-( 2-hydroxy-5'-phenyl-phenyl )-5- ehlorobenzotriazole 2-( 2'-hydroxy-5-cyclohexyl-phenyl )-5- chlorobenzotriazole 2'-hydroxy-5-cyclohexyl-phenyl )-benzotriazole 2'-hydroxy-3',5 '-dichlorophenyl )-ben7.otriazole 2'-hydroxy-4',S '-dichlorophenyl )-ben7.otriazole 2 '-hydroxy-5'-phenyl-phenyl )-benzotriazole 2'-hydroxy-5'-methoxyhenyl-S-methyL benzotriazole The third additive in this invention is a phydroxybenzoate having the general formula wherein E is lower alkyl or cycloalkyl group E is hydrogen, lower alkyl or cycloalkyl group, and E is alkyl from 1 to carbon atoms, phenyl, lower alkyl substituted phenyl. benzyl or lower alkyl substituted benzyl groups, such that no more than two lower alkyl substituents are present on said phenyl or benzyl groups. in a preferred embodiment, E and E are t-butyl or t-amyl groups and E is a di(lower alkyl)phcnyl. Illustrative examples of hydroxybenzoates are given below.

(2',4'-di-t-hutylphcnyl )-3,5-di-t-butyl-4- hydroxyhenzoate methyl 3-methyl-5-isopropyl-4-hydroxyben7oate ethyl 3,5-diisopropyl-4-hydroxybenzoate propyl 3.5-di-scc-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate isobutyl 3.5-di-tert-amyl-4-hydroxybenzoate deeyl 3,5-di-tert-octyl4'hydroxybenzoate cyclohexyl 3.S-di-tert-amyl-4-hydroxybenzoate dodecyl 3-methyl-5-isoamyl-4-hydroxybenzoate octadecyl 3.5-diisopropyl-4-hydroxybenzoate hexadecyl 3,S-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate chlorornethyl 3.S-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate 3-fluoropropyl 3,S-di-tert-amyl-4-hydroxybenzoate allyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate Z-butenyl 3.S-diisopropyl-4-hydroxybenzoate oleyl 5-mcthyl-5-tert-amyl-4-hydroxybenzoate ethane-l ,2 di( 3.S-diisopropyl-4-hydroxybenzoate) tetramethylene- I .3 di( 3,5-di-tert-amyl-4- hydroxybenzoate) pentamethylenel ,5 di( 3,5-di-tert-oetyl-4- hydroxybenzoate) hexamethylene-l ,5 di( 3-methyl-5-tert-butyl-4- hydroxybenzoate) 2-ehloropropane-l ,3 di( 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4- hydroxybenzoate) phenyl 3,S-diisopropyl-4-hydroxybenz0ates p-octylphenyl 3,S-di-tert-amyl-4-hydroxybenzoate (2', 4'-dimethylphenyl )-3,5-di-tert-octyl-4- hydroxybenzoate p-isopropylphenyl 3-methyl-5-tert-amyl-4- hydroxybenzoate naphthyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate G-methylnaphthyl 3,5-di-tert-hexyl-4- hydroxybenzoate p-chlorophenyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenz0ate 2,4dibr0mophenyl 3,5-diisopropyl-4- hydroxybenzoate The above described additives can be added to substrates in various concentrations. The nickel phosphonate can be used in a concentration of from about ().()()l to I07: by weight of the organic material. and more preferably from about 0.05 to 271. The ultraviolet light absorber benzophenone or benzotriazole) can be employed in the concentration of from about ().()l to 10%, and more preferably from about 0.05 to 371. The light stabilizer (p-hydroxybenzoate) can be used in the concentration of from about 0.01 to 5%, and more preferable from 0.05 to 2%. However, for some special applications said additives can be used both in higher and lower concentrations than those noted above.

Based on the above concentrations, the relative ratios of the three components can also he expressed as follows:

a. nickel phosphonate: 1 to 40 parts by weight,

b. ultraviolet light absorber: l to 60 parts by weight,

c. light absorber: l to 40 parts by weight.

To further illustrate the instant invention there are presented below illustrative examples. These examples in no way limit the scope of the invention.

EXAMPLE 1 Outdoor Exposure Tests a. Sample Preparation l5 Denier Oriented Multifilaments The additives are dissolved in distilled methylene chloride and blended with polypropylene (Hercules Profax 6501 J in a Hobart mixer. A Buffer (such as calcium stearate) and a pigment (such as titanium dioxide) are added dry to the polymer blend. To facilitate moisture removal all blends are vacuum dried shortly before extrusion.

Samples were precessed as follows:

l. Compounding and Pelletizing l" Extruder L/D 20/1 at 40 rpm Melt Temperature 450F.

2. Multifilament l" Extruder L/D 24/] at 20 rpm Spinnerette 10 hole, 20 mil diameter/hole Melt Temperature 5()()F.

Air cooling was accomplished by spinning into a cooling tower 6 X 6" X fitted with a fan delivering 65 cfm. of air.

3. Filament Take-up The cooled multifilament was wound on Godet rolls at a filament speed of 500 ft/min.

4. Orientation Godet Temperature 257F.

Orientation Ration 3:l

b. Test Methods for Weathering Stability Mockdyed knitted multifilament was exposed 45 south direct in Florida. Exposures were begun November l. Tensile measurements were performed at each exposure interval with the lnstron Model TM.

The test results reported below show the percentage of retention of the original tensile strength by a fiber after having been exposed to the indicated number of Kilolangleys (Kly). A Langley is a measure of eneryl accumulated by the fiber. It is common that some fibers after initial exposure increase their orientation. For this reason the percent of retention of tensile strength increases after the initial decrease.

Polypropylene filaments containing the following additives were prepared as described above:

0.20)? Nickel bis l(()-n-butyl-3,5di-t-butyl-4- hyd roxybenzyl )phosphonate] 0.25% 2.4-di-t-butylphenyl-3 .5-di-t-butyl-4- hydroxybenzoate 0.55% 2( 2'-hydroxy-3 ',5'-di-t-butylphenyl-7- chlorobenzotriazole The test results were as follows:

Similar results are obtained when in the above example 2( 2 '-hydroxy-3 ,5 '-di-t-butylphenyl-7- chlorobenzotriazole is replaced with EXAMPLE 2 Polyethylene is stabilized with the following composi tion:

Equally good stabilization is achieved when in the above Example said nickel compound is replaced with nickel bislU-octadecyl Z-hydroxy-3.5-di-t-butylbenzylphosphonate nickel bislO-butyl 3.5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate EXAMPLE 3 Polybutene is stabilized with the following composition:

2.0V: Nickel3.5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonatc 0.2% 2(2-Hydroxy-3'fi'-dimelhylphenyl)-5- mcthylbenzotriazolc H.171 Methyl 3.5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoale EXAMPLE 4 Polypropylene is stabilized with the following additives:

(1.57: 2(2'-Hydroxy-3'.5'-di-t-butylphenylJ-7- ehlorobenzotriazole 0.5% Nickel bisl (O nbutyl-3.5 di-l hutyl-4- hydroxybenzyl )phosphonatc (1.571 l-kDi-l-hut lphcnyl3.5-di-l-butyl-4- hydroxyhcnzoate EXAMPLE 5 Polypropylene is stabilized with the following additives:

0.5% 212'-Hydroxy3'.5'-di-t-hut lphenyl)-7- chlorohcnzotriazolt: 0.5% O-n-Butyl-chlorouickel-3.S-di-t-butyL-lhydrosy benzyl phosphonate (1.2% dodecyl3-mcthyl-5-isoamyl-4-hytlroxybcnitrate EXAMPLE 6 Butadiene-styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer is stabilized with 2.0% Nickel l3.S-di-t-bulyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphmtale )acetate (J. I! 2 Hydroxy4-methoxy-2 '-carboxyhenzophenone (H'A 3,5-Diis4ipn1pyl-4-hydroxybenzoate.

Similar stabilization is obtained when poly 4-methylpentene-l is employed as the polymer in Example 6.

EXAMPLE 7 Nylon pellets are blended with:

0.25% Nickel bisl tO-n-hutyL3.5-di-t-butyl4- hydroxyben/yl )phosphonate 0.5V: Pcntamethylenc' l .5-di( 3 5-di-toctyl-4- hydroxyben voatc t). l' 2.2'.4.4' Tetrahydroxy bcnzophenone What is claimed is:

l. A stabilizing composition consisting essentially of a. from I to 40 parts by weight of nickel hydroxyalkyl phosphonate having the formula wherein Q is lower alkyl or cyeloalkyl C) is hydrogen. lower alkyl or cycloalkyl: and Q is lower alkyl b. from I to 60 parts by weight of benzotriazole having the formula wherein E is lower alkyl or cyeloalkyl group.

E is hydrogen. lower alkyl or cycloalkyl group. and

E is alkyl from I to 20 carbon atoms. phenyl. lower alkyl substituted phenyl. benzyl or lower alkyl substituted benzyl groups. such that no more than two lower alkyl substituents are present on said phenyl or benzyl groups.

2. A composition of claim I wherein a. O' and Q are tertiary butyl or tertiaryl amyl groups.

b. R is hydrogen. chloride or methyl group.

R is hydrogen, chloride, t-butyl, t-amyl. cyclohexyl, benzyl or a-phenylethyl group,

R is alkyl having from I to l2 carbon atoms, cyclohexyl. benzyl or a-phenylethyl group and c. E and E are tertiary butyl or tertiary amyl groups and E is di(lower alkyl)phenyl group.

3. A composition of claim 2 wherein a. said nickel hydroxyalkyl phosphonate is nickel bis.

4. A composition of claim 2 wherein a. said nickel hydroxyalkyl phosphonate is nickel bis,

b. said ultraviolet light absorber is 2(2'-hydroxy- 3 '.5'-di-t-butylphenyl )-7-ehlorobenzotriazole c. said p-hydroxybenzoate is 2,4-di-t-butylphenyl- 3,S-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate.

5. A stabilized polymer composition comprising a polyolefin containing a composition of claim 1 in the amount from 0.15 to 7%.

6. A stabilized polymer composition comprising a polyolefin containing a composition of claim 2 in the amount from 0. l 5 to 7%.

7. A stabilized polymer composition comprising a polyolefin containing the composition of claim 4 in the amount of from 0.15 to 7%.

8. A composition of claim 7 wherein said polyolefin is polyethylene or polypropylene or poly 4-methylpentene-l.

9. A composition of claim 2 wherein a. said nickel hydroxyalkyl phosphonate is nickel bis- U-ethyl-3.5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl )phosphonate b. said ultraviolet light absorber is Schlorobenzotriazole c. said p-hydroxybenzoate hydroxybenzoate.

is 3.5-di-t-butyl-4- 

1. A STABILIZING COMPOSITION CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A. FROM 1 TO 40 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF NICKLE HYDROXYALKYL PHOSPHONATE HAVING THE FORMULA
 2. A composition of claim 1 wherein a. Q1 and Q2 are tertiary butyl or tertiaryl amyl groups, b. R3 is hydrogen, chloride or methyl group, R4 is hydRogen, chloride, t-butyl, t-amyl, cyclohexyl, benzyl or Alpha -phenylethyl group, R5 is alkyl having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, cyclohexyl, benzyl or Alpha -phenylethyl group and c. E and E1 are tertiary butyl or tertiary amyl groups and E2 is di(lower alkyl)phenyl group.
 3. A composition of claim 2 wherein a. said nickel hydroxyalkyl phosphonate is nickel bis.
 4. A composition of claim 2 wherein a. said nickel hydroxyalkyl phosphonate is nickel bis, b. said ultraviolet light absorber is 2(2''-hydroxy-3'',5''-di-t-butylphenyl)-7-chlorobenzotriazole c. said p-hydroxybenzoate is 2,4-di-t-butylphenyl-3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate.
 5. A stabilized polymer composition comprising a polyolefin containing a composition of claim 1 in the amount from 0.15 to 7%.
 6. A stabilized polymer composition comprising a polyolefin containing a composition of claim 2 in the amount from 0.15 to 7%.
 7. A stabilized polymer composition comprising a polyolefin containing the composition of claim 4 in the amount of from 0.15 to 7%.
 8. A composition of claim 7 wherein said polyolefin is polyethylene or polypropylene or poly 4-methylpentene-1.
 9. A composition of claim 2 wherein a. said nickel hydroxyalkyl phosphonate is nickel bis(0-ethyl-3, 5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)phosphonate) b. said ultraviolet light absorber is 2(2''-hydroxy-3'',5''-di-t-butylphenyl)-5chlorobenzotriazole c. said p-hydroxybenzoate is 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate. 